Primary
classification

Secondary
classification

Third
classification

Detailed item

Public space

Public space

Parks and
recreation

Park, Pocket park, Waterfront park, Square, Fountain square, Ecological garden, Arboretum, Forest lodge, Zoo, Botanical garden, Theme park

Street

Road, Sidewalks, Walking trails, Bicycle path, School zone, Transportation island, Median, Retaining wall, Cut-out surface

Public
architecture

Public office
building

Public information center, Village center, Police substation, Fire station, Post office, Telephone office, Community center, Prison, Government house, Official residence, Training facilities, Diplomatic office

Cultural
facilities

Public gym, Stadium, Concert hall, Civic center, Memorial hall, Museum, Art exhibition hall

Transportation
facilities

Bus terminal, Taxi stand, Train station, Subway station,
Freight terminal, Airport

Environmental
facilities

Public restroom, Drainage facility, Water and sewerage facilities, Garbage dump, Food treatment facilities

Educational
facilities

Kindergarten, School, Research institute, Library, Educational center, Training center

Public facilities

Urban
infrastructure

Bridge, Overpass, Pedestrian overpass, Tunnel, Underground
road, Ecological channel

Street facilities

Transportation
facilities

Streetlight, Fence, Bollard, Bus sign, Bicycle locker, Traffic light,
Soundproof wall

Convenience
facilities

Bench, Recycle bin, Drinking fountain, Street stand, Kiosk,
Public phone, Information booth

Supply facilities

Manhole, Distribution box, Air vent, Hydrant, Fireplug, Snow removal box, Thermometer, Hygrometer

Public media

Information
media

Milestone, Traffic sign, Bus route map, Tourist map, Subway map, Regulatory sign, Pictogram, Billboard, Poster, Banner, Signboard

Public art

Sculpture, Mural, Super graphic, Media art, Graffiti

Items

Main function

Details

1. User
accessibility &
usability
management
aspects

User interface

It should provide an intuitive user interface so that various users can easily use the robot.

Multilingual translation and interpretation support

Information should be provided to users in various languages so that foreigners can easily use it.

Raising awareness
of public services

It is necessary to increase the positive perception of users through promotional activities on the advantages and effects of robot
operation.

2. Safety
management aspects

Operational certification
and functional testing

Regular certification and testing of operations are required so that robots can operate safely in public.

Collision prevention and
safety avoidance

A system that prevents a robot from colliding with a person or an
object while performing a function and avoids it in an emergency should be included.

Emergency response
function

In the event of a robot malfunction, an emergency response function that can immediately stop operation is required.

User safety training

Education and promotion programs should be provided through
various methods on how to use robots and safety rules.

3. Maintenance
& operational management aspects

Regular inspection and
maintenance

Regular inspections and maintenance should be carried out to maintain the performance of the robot and prevent failures and malfunctions.

Upgrade main function

Software and hardware updates should always keep up to date and enhance security.

Failure response protocol

In the event of a robot failure, a response protocol should be prepared to respond quickly on the spot.

4. Privacy
management
aspects

Data collection and
use policy

The type, purpose, and method of use of personal information collected by robots should be clarified and user consent should
be included.

Privacy and security

Personal information is based on anonymization processing, and appropriate protective measures should be taken for data security.

5. Legal & ethical
management
aspects

Compliance with the
legal requirements

It is necessary to ensure that the operation of the robot complies with
relevant laws and regulations, and continuous monitoring is required.

Understanding ethical standards

Ethical issues or standards according to the use of robots should
be guaranteed, and designs that take into account social issues
are needed.

Delphi method interview

Period

September 1, 2024 to September 10, 2024

Survey object

A total of 8 experts in public design (10 years or more of experience)

(2 Public design researchers, 6 Professors)

Purpose

Get expert feedback on guideline content via email after pre-interview

Evaluation indicators

Question content

Validity of research topics
and directions

In this study, we newly established the concept of humanoid robots as public facilities
in public environments and derived guidelines for operating and managing them. Please give us your opinion on whether the subject and direction of the study is reasonable.

Clarity of humanoid robot management and operation guidelines structural system

In this study, a structural diagram was developed for the management and operation of humanoid robots in a public environment. Please give us your opinion on whether you can understand this structural diagram clearly.

Validity of humanoid robot management and operational guidelines by detailed item

In this study, we derived guidelines for the management and operation of humanoid robots as public facilities in public environments. Please give us your opinion on
whether each Detailed Item in the guideline system is well placed.

Itemized clarity of meaning in
humanoid robot management
and operation guidelines

Please give us your opinion on whether the meaning of each Detailed Item is clear
in the guidelines for humanoid robot management and operation.

Additional comments from
the design guidelines

Please give us your opinion if there is anything to add to the humanoid robot management and operation guidelines you have evaluated so far.

Evaluation indicators

Contents of response

Opinion 1:
Validity of research
topics and directions

1. I think the direction and guideline scenario for the concept is appropriate and valid

2. It is necessary to clarify whether the direction of the study is the management of public facilities or humanoid robots.

3. The subject and direction of this study is very valid as a practical, realistic, and differentiated approach

4. The development of public design and the combination of humanoid robots make sense in the direction of research.

5. I think the proposal of the management plan and guidelines for public facilities using robots is a necessary study at this point

6. The subject matter and the direction of the study are considered very reasonable

7. It is considered reasonable as a study to secure expandability for robots
8. The direction of the research topic is valid as it has established a new concept

Opinion 2:
Clarity of humanoid
robot management and
operation guidelines structural system

1. The structural diagram clearly and intuitively expresses complex content.

2. It is recommended that the specific role of the robot be included in the guidelines.

3. The structure of the guidelines is systematic, clear, and well-understood.

4. There is no problem in understanding the concept of management and operation in the guideline structure.

5. The structure of the guidelines is clear, but it is also necessary to separate the concepts step by step.

6. Rules and elements for the management of humanoid robots are appropriate.

7. I think the structural diagram is a little complicated and some additional explanations of classification criteria are needed.

8. The structure is generally clear, but more content needs to be supplemented for understanding.

Opinion 3:
Validity of humanoid
robot management and
operational guidelines
by detailed item

1. Guidelines for the management of robots outside of operating hours also seem necessary

2. I think we need additional logic on maintenance in detail.

3. The details of this guideline are valid as they maintain essential standards.

4. There is no problem with the detailed items, but some specific examples are required for each item

5. The details of the guidelines are reasonable and well understood

6. The details of the guidelines are very well listed and appropriate

7. It is necessary to adjust some of the order for the classification of guideline details

8. Most of the details are valid, but some words need to be modified.

Opinion 4:
Itemized clarity of
meaning in humanoid
robot management and
operation guidelines

1. The meaning of each item in the guidelines is judged to be clear.

2. Need to separate humanoid robot management by purpose and function.

3. The humanoid robot management and operation guidelines are specific and clear.

4. The meaning of each item is fully understood and some items require examples.

5. Overall, the meaning is clear, but I think the terminology needs to be reviewed in safety management.

6. The items in the guidelines are clear, but it would be good to consider adding the steps of the detailed items.

7. After some modification of the guideline classification, the contents must be rearranged.
8. The meaning of each item is judged to be clear

Opinion 5:
Additional comments
from the design
guidelines

1. It is suggested that a review of scenarios for various environments is needed.

2. I believe that it is also good to consider the concept of environmental adaptability in the management details of the humanoid robot

3. The step-by-step development prediction of robots used in public environments and the addition
of scenarios can also be considered.

4. I think it is also desirable to add information about user accessibility or usability or user experience

5. An approach to integrating operational manuals and guidelines is also required

6. It also proposes to add content about national and international standards
7. It also proposes to consider humanoid robots in terms of design elements

Step-by-step standard

Details

Step 1
Planning and
design steps

Setting goals

It clearly defines the purpose and role of the robot's introduction, and sets specific functions and tasks to be performed by the robot.

Environmental analysis

It analyzes the characteristics and conditions of the public environment in which the robot will be deployed, and considers the physical characteristics of the space and user accessibility.

Design and integration

We plan how the robot will be integrated with the existing infrastructure of the city, and consider interaction and integration
with other facilities.

Step 2
Deployment and
initial operational
steps

Test deployment

Before deploying the robot in each environment, test operations are used to identify unexpected problems or environmental factors.

Initial deployment

Based on the test results, the location of the robot in each environment, the movement line, and the way it interacts with the
user are determined.

User training and
public relations

It informs users of how to use the robot and safety guidelines, and conducts promotions to help them understand the role of the robot.

Step 3

Operational and
management steps

Real-time monitoring

The robot's condition and performance are monitored in real time to detect and respond to anomalies early.

Update

It continuously updates the robot's software to add new features or improve existing ones.

Troubleshooting
and support

Prepare a support system that allows robots to respond quickly to problems that arise during operation.

Step 4

Maintenance and
management steps

Regular inspection

Check the robot's hardware and software regularly and perform repairs or parts replacement if necessary.

Security management

Maintain the robot's data and network security and prepare for cyber threats such as hacking and data leakage.

Compliance with
laws and regulations

Manage robot operations to comply with relevant laws and regulations, and adjust operational policies to legal standards if necessary.

Step 5

Evaluation and
feedback steps

Performance evaluation

The operation performance of the robot is regularly evaluated to check whether the goal is achieved, and necessary improvements are derived.

Collect user feedback

By collecting feedback on the experiences of citizens who interacted with robots, we seek ways to improve the user experience.

Improvement and expansion plans

Based on the evaluation and results, the operation of the robot is improved, and more robots are deployed as needed or new features are introduced.